AMBEDKAR'S CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK: 75 YEARS OF CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY

Abstract

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, as the principal architect of the Indian Constitution, played a crucial role in establishing a democratic framework that emphasizes “justice, equality, and fraternity”. His vision extended beyond legal structures to foster an inclusive society where marginalized communities, particularly Dalits, could achieve social and political equity. The Constitution, drafted under his leadership from 1947 to 1949 and enacted in 1950, enshrined fundamental rights aimed at eradicating caste-based discrimination and ensuring representation for historically oppressed groups. As India commemorates 75 years of constitutional democracy, it is essential to analyze the complexities of Ambedkar’s contributions. His advocacy for “social democracy”, articulated in his speeches during the Constituent Assembly debates, highlights the necessity of addressing socio-economic inequalities alongside political rights. Despite the robust framework he provided, challenges in implementation persist, raising questions about the effectiveness of constitutional guarantees in achieving true equality. Ambedkar’s legacy remains particularly relevant today as India grapples with ongoing issues of caste discrimination and social injustice. Understanding his constitutional vision enriches our appreciation of the Indian legal system and informs contemporary discussions on inclusivity and representation in governance. Reflecting on Ambedkar's work provides critical insights into both the achievements and shortcomings of India's democratic journey over the last seven decades, emphasizing the need for continued efforts to fulfill his vision of a just and equitable society.